{"id":6544,"date":"2026-01-13T13:27:22","date_gmt":"2026-01-13T13:27:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/educational-panels-and-maps\/the-marbles\/i-marmi-piazzola-3-africano-marmor-luculleum\/"},"modified":"2026-01-16T15:12:04","modified_gmt":"2026-01-16T15:12:04","slug":"the-marbles-area-3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/en\/educational-panels-and-maps\/the-marbles\/the-marbles-area-3\/","title":{"rendered":"The Marbles &#8211; Area 3"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In the edict of Diocletian of AD 301, the price of\u00a0<em>africano<\/em>\u00a0marble is fixed at 150 denarii per foot (29.57 cm); it was thus cheaper than marble from Phrygia and Numidia, priced at 200 denarii, and more expensive than cipollino, valued at only 100 denarii.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery-article galleryid-6544 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t<a data-fslightbox='gallery' data-caption='Sample of africano\u00a0marble from the Podesti Collection\n(Pensabene P., Bruno M. 1998)' href='https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/177_98-2-img002060.webp' data-title='Sample of africano\u00a0marble from the Podesti Collection\n(Pensabene P., Bruno M. 1998)'><div class='ratio ratio-1x1'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1765\" height=\"1103\" src=\"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/177_98-2-img002060.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-6222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/177_98-2-img002060.webp 1765w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/177_98-2-img002060-300x187.webp 300w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/177_98-2-img002060-1024x640.webp 1024w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/177_98-2-img002060-768x480.webp 768w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/177_98-2-img002060-1536x960.webp 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1765px) 100vw, 1765px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-6222'>\n\t\t\tSample of africano\u00a0marble from the Podesti Collection\n(Pensabene P., Bruno M. 1998)\n\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t<a data-fslightbox='gallery' data-caption='Sample of africano\u00a0marble from the Podesti Collection\n(Pensabene P., Bruno M. 1998)' href='https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/176_98-1-img002059.webp' data-title='Sample of africano\u00a0marble from the Podesti Collection\n(Pensabene P., Bruno M. 1998)'><div class='ratio ratio-1x1'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1776\" height=\"1110\" src=\"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/176_98-1-img002059.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-6224\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/176_98-1-img002059.webp 1776w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/176_98-1-img002059-300x188.webp 300w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/176_98-1-img002059-1024x640.webp 1024w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/176_98-1-img002059-768x480.webp 768w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/176_98-1-img002059-1536x960.webp 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1776px) 100vw, 1776px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-6224'>\n\t\t\tSample of africano\u00a0marble from the Podesti Collection\n(Pensabene P., Bruno M. 1998)\n\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n\n<p>Shaping the blocks into a stepped form made it possible on the one hand to produce panels of uniform size, and on the other to avoid wasting material during later cutting: traces of the saw used during this operation can still be seen on some of the pieces.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-2' class='gallery-article galleryid-6544 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t<a data-fslightbox='gallery' data-caption='Lead seal with the portrait of Antoninus Pius from a stepped blocks of africano marble' href='https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/179_98-4-img002062.webp' data-title='Lead seal with the portrait of Antoninus Pius from a stepped blocks of africano marble'><div class='ratio ratio-1x1'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1757\" height=\"1757\" src=\"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/179_98-4-img002062.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-6226\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/179_98-4-img002062.webp 1757w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/179_98-4-img002062-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/179_98-4-img002062-1024x1024.webp 1024w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/179_98-4-img002062-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/179_98-4-img002062-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/179_98-4-img002062-1536x1536.webp 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1757px) 100vw, 1757px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-6226'>\n\t\t\tLead seal with the portrait of Antoninus Pius from a stepped blocks of africano marble\n\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t<a data-fslightbox='gallery' data-caption='Lead seal with the portrait of Antoninus Pius from a stepped blocks of africano marble' href='https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/178_98-3-img002061.webp' data-title='Lead seal with the portrait of Antoninus Pius from a stepped blocks of africano marble'><div class='ratio ratio-1x1'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1731\" height=\"1731\" src=\"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/178_98-3-img002061.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-6228\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/178_98-3-img002061.webp 1731w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/178_98-3-img002061-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/178_98-3-img002061-1024x1024.webp 1024w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/178_98-3-img002061-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/178_98-3-img002061-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/178_98-3-img002061-1536x1536.webp 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1731px) 100vw, 1731px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-6228'>\n\t\t\tLead seal with the portrait of Antoninus Pius from a stepped blocks of africano marble\n\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The quarry marks and inscriptions present on some blocks indicate that the extraction of marble was subject to strict centralized control, as also attested by the presence of Imperial lead seals.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-3' class='gallery-article galleryid-6544 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t<a data-fslightbox='gallery' data-caption='Ostia, storerooms. Draped male bust in africano marble from the Bishop\u2019s Palace at Portus' href='https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/181_98-6-img002064.webp' data-title='Ostia, storerooms. Draped male bust in africano marble from the Bishop\u2019s Palace at Portus'><div class='ratio ratio-1x1'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1808\" height=\"1808\" src=\"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/181_98-6-img002064.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-3-6230\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/181_98-6-img002064.webp 1808w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/181_98-6-img002064-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/181_98-6-img002064-1024x1024.webp 1024w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/181_98-6-img002064-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/181_98-6-img002064-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/181_98-6-img002064-1536x1536.webp 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1808px) 100vw, 1808px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-3-6230'>\n\t\t\tOstia, storerooms. Draped male bust in africano marble from the Bishop\u2019s Palace at Portus\n\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t<a data-fslightbox='gallery' data-caption='Lead seal with the portrait of Hadrian from a stepped block of africano marble' href='https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/180_98-5-img002063.webp' data-title='Lead seal with the portrait of Hadrian from a stepped block of africano marble'><div class='ratio ratio-1x1'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1985\" height=\"1985\" src=\"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/180_98-5-img002063.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-3-6232\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/180_98-5-img002063.webp 1985w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/180_98-5-img002063-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/180_98-5-img002063-1024x1024.webp 1024w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/180_98-5-img002063-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/180_98-5-img002063-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/180_98-5-img002063-1536x1536.webp 1536w, https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/180_98-5-img002063-1920x1920.webp 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1985px) 100vw, 1985px\" \/><\/div><\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-3-6232'>\n\t\t\tLead seal with the portrait of Hadrian from a stepped block of africano marble\n\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the edict of Diocletian of AD 301, the price of\u00a0africano\u00a0marble is fixed at 150 denarii per foot (29.57 cm); it was thus cheaper than marble from Phrygia and Numidia, priced at 200 denarii, and more expensive than cipollino, valued at only 100 denarii. Shaping the blocks into a stepped form made it possible on&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":6517,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/page-albero.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6544","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6544","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6544"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6544\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6563,"href":"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6544\/revisions\/6563"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6517"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ostiaantica.cultura.gov.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}